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How is charcoal made from mangroves?

Dr. John Yong generously shares about the process of making charcoal from mangroves. Dr. Yong is highly sought after for his vast experience and knowledge of mangroves, so I am very grateful that he has allowed me to post this information and his photos on this blog.

Only Bakau minyak (Rhizophora apiculata) is used for making charcoal. Dr Yong explains the other common mangrove species are not as good for this purpose.

He shares that charcoal experts will normally use only the stem of the tree, and not the prop roots.

This is what the area looks like after harvesting. The prop roots will be collected later for firewood to heat up the kiln.

The bark is removed from the stem.

The de-barked logs are then carried to the boat. Dr Yong reminds "Remember mangrove wood will sink!!!".

Here are logs stacked up and ready for transport to the factory.

A charcoal making factory.

At the factory, staff will select the greenwood and organise them according to the stem diameter.

Inside the factory, the logs are placed in a kiln (usually shaped like an igloo). Here, the logs are smoked to remove the water from them. To create the smoke, other mangrove wood is burnt, such as non-Rhizophora species like Bruguiera, Xylocarpus and also the unwanted prop roots from Rhizophora apiculata.

A comparison of charcoal (the single black log) and green wood.

Back at the plantation, natural regeneration is taking place. Active replanting may be needed if natural regeneration is insufficient.

All the above photos and information are provided by kind courtesy of Dr. John Yong. Dr. Yong has tirelessly and quietly inspired so many volunteers and other nature lovers. He shares his knowledge in wonderful 'stories' that captivate, and encouraged us to learn more and appreciate our mangroves better.